合成生物学 ›› 2024, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (3): 492-506.DOI: 10.12211/2096-8280.2023-083

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文库构建与基因簇靶向筛选驱动的微生物天然产物高效发现

虞旭昶1,2, 吴辉2, 李雷1   

  1. 1.上海交通大学生命科学技术学院,微生物代谢国家重点实验室,上海 200240
    2.华东理工大学生物工程学院,生物反应器工程国家重点实验室,上海 200237
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-27 修回日期:2024-01-26 出版日期:2024-06-30 发布日期:2024-07-12
  • 通讯作者: 吴辉,李雷
  • 作者简介:虞旭昶(2000—),男,硕士研究生。研究方向为微生物天然产物创新发现与高效制造。E-mail:yxc@ecust.edu.cn
    吴辉(1982—),男,教授,博士生导师。研究方向为微生物代谢设计与重编程。E-mail:hwu@ecust.edu.cn
    李雷(1989—),男,长聘教轨副教授,博士生导师。研究方向为微生物天然药物化学与合成生物学。E-mail:lei.li@sjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2023YFA0914200);国家自然科学基金面上项目(32370070)

Library construction and targeted BGC screening for more efficient discovery of microbial natural products

Xuchang YU1,2, Hui WU2, Lei LI1   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism,School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China
    2.State key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering,School of Biological Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China
  • Received:2023-11-27 Revised:2024-01-26 Online:2024-06-30 Published:2024-07-12
  • Contact: Hui WU, Lei LI

摘要:

微生物天然产物作为小分子药物的主要来源,已被广泛应用于医药与农业等领域。随着全球抗生素耐药性与其他公共健康问题的加剧,新结构、新靶点微生物天然产物发现迫在眉睫。大规模(宏)基因组测序揭示微生物蕴含了巨大的生物合成潜力,相继催生了多种不同类型的天然产物挖掘策略。然而,目前仍然缺乏将天然产物合成基因簇与编码产物快速关联的高效方案。近年来,(宏)基因组文库构建在获取批量天然产物合成基因簇方面展现出明显优势,结合高效的基因簇靶向筛选方法,显著加速了新结构天然产物系统发现。本文综述了三类基于(宏)基因组文库构建与靶向筛选驱动天然产物创新发现的策略,主要从克隆载体类型、文库构建方式、基因簇靶向筛选方法等角度进行了阐述,并对Cosmid/Fosmid文库、BAC/PAC文库、FAC/YAC文库等不同文库类型的优缺点及应用范围进行了对比,最后对这些策略的发展前景进行了展望。未来,基于文库构建与基因簇靶向筛选策略将极大驱动不同生境微生物来源的活性天然产物挖掘,预期大量新靶点、新结构天然产物将不断涌现。

关键词: 微生物天然产物, (宏)基因组挖掘, 基因簇, 文库构建, 基因簇靶向筛选

Abstract:

Microbial natural products (NPs) are a major source for mining small molecule drugs, which have been widely used in medicine, agriculture, and other fields. Growing antimicrobial resistance and other public health problems necessitate the rapid discovery of microbial NPs with novel structures and bioactivities. With rapid advances in high-throughput screening and low-cost DNA sequencing technologies, highly diverse biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) have been detected in bacteria and fungi, but characterized compounds are limited, representing the tip of an iceberg, and much more novel small molecules are awaiting for being discovered. Although various strategies have been developed for NP discovery, effectively linking the biosynthetic pathways to their encoded products remains a challenge. Recently, (meta)genomic library construction strategies have shown advantages in elucidating NP biosynthetic pathways more efficiently, and significantly accelerated the discovery of novel NPs by combining with high-efficient targeted BGC screening approaches. In this review, we summarize three strategies for discovering microbial NPs based on (meta)genomic library construction and targeted BGC screening. We also discuss the cloning vectors including Cosmid/Fosmid, BAC/PAC and FAC/YAC, and comment strategies for library construction and targeted BGC screening, such as LEXAS and CONKAT-Seq. Furthermore, we compare strengths, limitations, and applicability of different libraries. At the end, we prospect the future developments of these strategies for the high-throughput discovery of microbial NPs.

Key words: microbial natural products, (meta)genomic mining, biosynthetic gene cluster, library construction, targeted BGC screening

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