合成生物学 ›› 2020, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (5): 516-527.DOI: 10.12211/2096-8280.2020-042

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基于工程化盐单胞菌的下一代工业生物技术

陈江楠1, 陈潇宁2, 刘心怡3, 万薇4, 章义鑫1, 张自豪4, 郑逸飞1, 郑陶然1, 王宣1, 王子瑜1, 闫煦1, 张旭1, 吴赴清1, 陈国强1   

  1. 1.清华大学生命科学学院,北京 100084
    2.清华大学新雅书院,北京 100084
    3.天津大学生命科学学院,天津 300072
    4.山东大学生命科学学院,山东 济南 250100
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-07 修回日期:2020-05-06 出版日期:2020-10-31 发布日期:2020-12-03
  • 通讯作者: 吴赴清,陈国强
  • 作者简介:吴赴清(1978—),男,博士,副研究员,主要从事PHA合成调控研究。E-mail:wufuqing@tsinghua.edu.cn.除了通讯作者,其他作者贡献相同。|陈国强(1963—),男,博士,教授,主要从事微生物聚羟基脂肪酸酯(PHA)的合成、代谢和应用研究。E-mail:chengq@tsinghua.edu.cn.除了通讯作者,其他作者贡献相同。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“合成生物学”重点专项(2018YFA0900200)

Engineering Halomonas spp. for next generation industrial biotechnology (NGIB)

Jiangnan CHEN1, Xiaoning CHEN2, Xinyi LIU3, Wei WAN4, Yixin ZHANG1, Zihao ZHANG4, Yifei ZHENG1, Taoran ZHENG1, Xuan WANG1, Ziyu WANG1, Xu YAN1, Xu ZHANG1, Fuqing WU1, Guoqiang CHEN1   

  1. 1.School of Life Sciences,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China
    2.XinYa College,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China
    3.School of Life Sciences,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China
    4.School of Life Science,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,Shandong,China
  • Received:2020-04-07 Revised:2020-05-06 Online:2020-10-31 Published:2020-12-03
  • Contact: Fuqing WU,Guoqiang CHEN

摘要:

我国是工业生物技术大国,拥有世界上最大的发酵产业,但传统发酵需要灭菌操作,发酵过程高耗能、耗淡水且不能连续,导致生产成本偏高,无法与化学工业竞争。因此,急需开发下一代工业生物技术(NGIB)来克服这些缺点。NGIB利用盐单胞菌等极端微生物作为底盘细胞,具有发酵不需灭菌、节能节水、设备投资少、产物终浓度高、分离过程简单等优点。本文围绕下一代工业生物技术的发展过程,系统介绍了近年来在技术优势强化,生物元件和工具开发如Porin启动子系统、CRISPRi系统、CRISPR-Cas9系统等,新产物合成如聚(3-羟基丁酸-co-3-羟基戊酸)(PHBV)、聚(3-羟基丁酸-co-4-羟基丁酸)(P3HB4HB)、表面活性剂蛋白等,以及PHA分离过程优化、发酵工艺放大、废水循环利用等方面取得的最新进展。随着合成生物学发展和应用,基于工程化盐单胞菌的下一代工业生物技术体系正在不断完善,优势也愈加明显。下一代工业生物技术将为大幅提升绿色生物制造的竞争力提供强力支撑。

关键词: 下一代工业生物技术(NGIB), 盐单胞菌, 生物制造, 发酵工业, 聚3-羟基丁酸(PHB), 生物塑料, 聚羟基脂肪酸酯(PHA)

Abstract:

China is a country with the largest industrial biotechnology capacity especially fermentation. However, it requires complicated sterilization procedures,high consumption of fresh water and energy, and expensive wastewater treatment processes. Therefore, it is urgent to develop the "Next Generation Industrial Biotechnology (NGIB)". The NGIB based on Halomonas spp. has many advantages, including: (1) energy-saving: no need for sterilization at high temperature and high pressure; (2) water-saving: use seawater instead of fresh water, and water can be recycled; (3) time-saving: production process can be continuous; (4) less investment in equipment: no need to use stainless steel fermentation system, instead, plastic, ceramics or even cement can be used as bioreactors; (5) high concentration of final product, bacteria can produce products at a high concentration; (6) simplification of separation process: increase bacterial volume or surface charge, which is conducive to gravity or self-flocculation precipitation. Based on the newly developed ‘Next Generation Industrial Biotechnology', this paper systematically introduces the latest progress in recent years in the fields such as strengthening technical advantages, development of biobricks and control parts including the porin promoter library, CRISPRi, CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system, production of new products including poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)(PHBV), Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate)(P3HB4HB) and Bio-surfactant Protein PhaP, optimization of separation process, scale up of fermentation processes, and recycling of wastewater. With the application of synthetic biology, the efficiency of NGIB has been continuously improved, and its advantages are obvious. Nevertheless, NGIB also faces some technical challenges, particularly treatment of salt containing wastewater. NGIB will further improve the recycling strategy of high salt wastewater, develop control modules under high cell density fermentation conditions, strengthen the design of low-cost substrate utilization ways, expand the scale and application fields, and achieve the mass production of various chemicals. The continuous improvement of NGIB will provide strong support for the competitiveness of green bio-manufacturing.

Key words: next generation industrial biotechnology, Halomonas spp., biological manufacturing, fermentation industry, PHB, bioplastics, PHA

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