植物合成生物学的现在与未来

doi:10.12211/2096-8280.2020-037

合成生物学 ›› 2020, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (4): 395-412.DOI: 10.12211/2096-8280.2020-037

植物合成生物学的现在与未来

邵洁^1,², 刘海利¹, 王勇¹

^1.中国科学院上海植物生理生态研究所，中国科学院分子植物科学卓越创新中心，合成生物学重点实验室，上海 200032
^2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049

收稿日期:2020-03-30 修回日期:2020-05-02 出版日期:2020-08-31 发布日期:2020-10-09
通讯作者: 王勇
作者简介:邵洁（1993—），女，博士研究生，主要研究方向为天然产物合成生物学。E-mail:shaojie@cemps.ac.cn|刘海利（1973—），女，博士，副研究员，主要研究方向为天然产物合成生物学。E-mail:hlliu@cemps.ac.cn|王勇（1974—），男，博士生导师，研究员，主要研究方向为天然产物合成生物学，通过解析天然产物的生物合成途径，运用合成生物学的思想和方法，基于工程化的设计和建构，改进复杂天然产物的生物合成效率和其生产方式，开发天然的或非天然的复杂天然产物活性成分。E-mail:yongwang@cemps.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发项目(2018YFA0900600);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（B类）(XDB27020202);国家自然科学基金(31670099);中国科学院重点部署项目(XDPB0400);上海市科委自然科学基金(17ZR1435000);上海市优秀学术带头人计划项目(20XD1404400);中国科学院战略生物资源项目(ZSYS-016);中国科学院国际合作项目(153D31KYSB20170121)

Present and future of plant synthetic biology

Jie SHAO^1,², Haili LIU¹, Yong WANG¹

^1.Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology，CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences，Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Shanghai 200032，China
^2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China

Received:2020-03-30 Revised:2020-05-02 Online:2020-08-31 Published:2020-10-09
Contact: Yong WANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

得益于近年来系统生物学和分子生物学等多方面技术的发展，合成生物学的研究对象正逐步过渡到更为复杂的多细胞体系。因此植物合成生物学正成为合成生物学的“下一篇章”。植物拥有丰富的内膜系统和细胞器、高度特化的生物合成基因簇、精细的代谢调控网络，为开展相关研究提供了理想的模式体系。以植物为底盘的合成生物学研究，如设计检测环境变化的植物传感器、开发精准修饰的基因编辑技术、建立高效异源合成代谢途径等，不仅有助于人类加深对复杂生命运行规律的理解，还有望为解决农业生产、生物制药、能源环境等方面的困境与难题提供新策略，实现可持续发展。本文总结近期植物合成生物学在基础研究方面的进展，主要涉及元件的表征定量标准化、遗传装置的理性设计、使能技术的开发应用，还在此基础上回顾了该领域在农业和工业的实际应用，提出未来发展亟需解决的问题及延伸应用。

关键词: 植物合成生物学, 底盘系统, 使能技术, 农业发展, 天然产物

Abstract:

Benefiting from advances in systems biology and molecular biology, synthetic biology studies have been moving to more complicated multicellular systems. Therefore, plant synthetic biology is regarded as another hot spot for synthetic biology. Plants have rich endomembrane systems and organelles, highly specialized biosynthetic gene clusters and sophisticated metabolic regulation networks, which can serve as an ideal model system for research to address various challenges. Synthetic biology research carried out for plant chassis,such as designing sensors to detect environmental changes, developing precise genome editing techniques, and establishing efficient heterologous metabolic pathways, will not only facilitate our understanding of life, but also provide a novel strategy to address challenges in agriculture, biopharmaceutics, energy, environment, etc. for sustainable development. In addition to summarizing the latest progress in fundamentals with plant synthetic biology， which mainly involves the quantitative characterization and standardization of building blocks, rational design of genetic devices and development of enabling technologies， this article also reviews the practical application of this field in agriculture and industry, highlighting challenges that need to be solved at present and perspective applications in the future to provide an inspiration for researchers.

Key words: plant synthetic biology, chassis, enabling technology, agricultural development, natural products

中图分类号:

邵洁, 刘海利, 王勇. 植物合成生物学的现在与未来[J]. 合成生物学, 2020, 1(4): 395-412.

Jie SHAO, Haili LIU, Yong WANG. Present and future of plant synthetic biology[J]. Synthetic Biology Journal, 2020, 1(4): 395-412.

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植物合成生物学的现在与未来

Present and future of plant synthetic biology

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