Research Progress in Plant-Derived Vaccines Synthetic Biology Journal    DOI: 10.12211/2096-8280.2025-029

Table 4 Some commonly used plant protease inhibitors

Extracts from the Article

首先，需要将编码疫苗抗原的基因通过基因工程技术（农杆菌介导的转化、基因枪）转入植物中，而根据外源基因转入植物体的方式以及表达的时效可以将转化过程分为瞬时表达系统和稳定表达系统。瞬时表达是指宿主染色体DNA并不与外源基因发生整合，外源基因进入细胞的12小时便可表达，且表达产物能在4天内检测到的一种表达体系。植物中建立瞬时表达系统的方式为病毒感染法以及农杆菌介导法［82］。俞瑶等利用农杆菌真空渗透法，在较短实验周期之内做到了有效的瞬时表达［83］，郎遥玲等利用农杆菌介导注射法建立了番茄子叶瞬时表达系统［84］。刘悦等利用马铃薯Y病毒介导的植物瞬时表达系统成功表达了非洲猪瘟P30重组蛋白疫苗［32］，烟草花叶病毒目前是植物瞬时表达应用最广泛的病毒，应用其生产的疫苗等医药蛋白已进入了临床试验［85］。

Other Images/Table from this Article

• Table 1  Plant-derived foreign substances that have been put into clinical or animal experiments and their expression methods
• Table 2  Plant-derived antigen examples
• Table 3  Examples of some plant-derived enveloped VLPs
• Fig. 1  The production process of plant-derived vaccines(Design and construct the plasmid vector for the gene. Introduce the vector into the host plant using appropriate methods. Allow the target gene to be expressed within the host plant. Collect the plant tissues that express the target protein. Grind the tissues to extract the protein. Purify the protein to obtain the final product.)
• Fig. 2  Optimization of Plant-derived Vaccines(The optimization of plant-derived vaccines can be achieved through the optimization of vectors, the selection of target antigens, the modification of proteins, co-expression of the target gene with protease inhibitor genes and silencing suppressor genes, and the optimization of the purification process. The co-expression of the P19 protein gene in the figure refers to the study by Jiexue et al. By Figdraw.)
• Fig. 3  The Mechanism of Action of P19 Protein(The viral RNA that invades the plant body is assembled into double-stranded shRNA, which is cut into 21-23 base pair siRNAs by the Dicer enzyme. These siRNAs form a siRNA-RISC complex and bind to the homologous mRNA, causing it to be cleaved. However, when the P19 protein is expressed, it assembles into a dimer that binds to the siRNA, preventing the siRNA from binding to RISC, and thus the silencing process cannot proceed. By Figdraw.)