Price to Cost-of-raw-materials Ratio (PC) of biomanufacturing: definition and application

doi:10.12211/2096-8280.2024-072

Synthetic Biology Journal ›› 2025, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (1): 8-17.DOI: 10.12211/2096-8280.2024-072

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Price to Cost-of-raw-materials Ratio (PC) of biomanufacturing: definition and application

ZHANG Yi-Heng P. Job¹^,²^,³(), CHEN Xuemei²^,³, SHI Ting¹^,²^,³

^1.Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing，Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Tianjin 300308，China
^2.In vitro Synthetic Biology Center，Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Tianjin 300308，China
^3.National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology，Tianjin 300308，China

Received:2024-09-18 Revised:2024-11-26 Online:2025-03-12 Published:2025-02-28
Contact: ZHANG Yi-Heng P. Job

生物制造的市本率（PC值）：定义与应用

张以恒¹^,²^,³(), 陈雪梅²^,³, 石婷¹^,²^,³

^1.中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所，低碳合成工程生物学全国重点实验室，天津 300308
^2.中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所，体外合成生物学中心，天津 300308
^3.国家合成生物技术创新中心，天津 300308

通讯作者: 张以恒
作者简介:张以恒（1971—），男，研究员，博士生导师，低碳合成工程生物学全国重点实验室主任，中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所体外合成生物学中心主任。创建体外生物转化（ivBT）技术平台，设计与构建多酶分子机器。在秸秆制粮、人工呼吸作用（糖水产氢）、健康糖与肌醇合成等生物制造领域取得了一系列原创性突破。E-mail：zhang_xw@tib.cas.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划“合成生物学”重点专项(2022YFA0912303);国家自然科学基金面上项目(NSFC 32271544);合成生物学海河实验室颠覆性创新项目(22HHSWSS000155);天津市合成生物技术创新能力提升行动项目(TSBICIP-CXRC-067)

Abstract

Abstract:

Biomanufacturing is one of the strategic emerging industries in China during the “14th Five-Year Plan” period. The author once proposed “Tao-Fa-Shu-Qi” for the industrial biomanufacturing and provided its philosophical guideline. Focusing on the “Fa” of biological manufacturing and further analyzing the concept of “Fa as rules” in biomanufacturing, the author first proposed the concept of “Price to Cost-of-raw-materials Ratio” (PC value), which is the ratio of product market price to cost with raw materials. Biomanufactured products can be categorized by PC value into high-value products, value-added products, biocommodity, and products for public good. The PC value is a key indicator for evaluating the technological capability and economic viability of biomanufactured products. It is simple, transparent, and publicly accessible, offering a new approach for categorizing biomanufactured products. This indicator aids in guiding new technologies towards pathways of efficiency enhancement and cost reduction, forecasting future manufacturing costs and market prices for bioproducts, and assessing the industrialization potential of emerging biotechnologies. This article focuses on the biomanufacturing of fructose syrup, fructose solution, crystalline fructose, allulose, myo-inositol, and tagatose as examples, analyzing pathways for developing new technologies and predicting their economic feasibility. The calculation and analysis of the PC value could provide a new methodological tool for the top-level strategic design of the future development of emerging biomanufacturing industries, and could effectively facilitate the high-quality development of the bioeconomy.

Key words: biomanufacturing, bioeconomy, Price to Cost-of-raw-materials Ratio, Tao-Fa-Shu-Qi, first principles, biocommodity

摘要：

生物制造是中国“十四五”战略性新兴产业之一。本文作者曾经提出“道法术器”对工业生物制造的哲学指导意义。为了深入阐述生物制造中“法以立本”的原则，本文首次提出“市本率”这一创新性概念，即产品市场价格与原料成本的比值，英文全称是Price to Cost-of-raw-materials Ratio，简称PC值。市本率是一个衡量技术水平与经济价值的关键指标，具有简单、公开、透明的属性，提供了生物制造产品分类新方法，有助于指导新技术增效和降本的发展路径，预判生物产品未来制造成本及市场价格的趋势，评估新兴生物技术的产业化潜力。市本率的计算与分析，作为一种新方法学工具，将为生物制造战略新兴产业的未来发展提供顶层设计的新视角，深化对生物制造产品市场前景的理解，推动生物经济高质量发展。

关键词: 生物制造, 生物经济, 市本率, 道法术器, 第一性原理, 大宗产品

CLC Number:

ZHANG Yi-Heng P. Job, CHEN Xuemei, SHI Ting. Price to Cost-of-raw-materials Ratio (PC) of biomanufacturing: definition and application[J]. Synthetic Biology Journal, 2025, 6(1): 8-17.

张以恒, 陈雪梅, 石婷. 生物制造的市本率（PC值）：定义与应用[J]. 合成生物学, 2025, 6(1): 8-17.

Figures/Tables 6

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产品	产品市场价格 /（元/吨）	原料	原料成本 /（元/吨）	实际得率（质量比）	PC值^①
情怀产品（PC≤1）
脂肪醇	12000～15000	蔗糖	3000～6500	25%	0.71
乙烯	7000～8000	乙醇	5000～7000	58%	0.72
微生物蛋白	10000～13000	淀粉	2800～3200	25%	0.96
大宗产品（1＜PC≤4）
乙醇	6000～7500	淀粉	2800～3200	48%	1.08
果葡糖浆F42 （70%）	2500～3000	淀粉	2800～3200	96%	1.26
葡萄糖酸钠	4000～4500	葡萄糖	3000～4000	105%	1.27
谷氨酸钠	7000～9000	葡萄糖	3000～4000	74%	1.69
麦芽糖（75%）	2400～2700	淀粉	2800～3200	96%	1.71
柠檬酸	5000～6000	淀粉	2800～3200	95%	1.74
苏氨酸	10000～12000	葡萄糖	3000～4000	58%	1.82
果糖溶液	6000～7000	淀粉	2800～3200	94%	2.04
赖氨酸	9000～11000	葡萄糖	3000～4000	85%	2.43
结晶果糖	10000～12000	淀粉	2800～3200	90%	3.30
增值产品（5≤PC≤20）
乳果糖（70%）	25000～40000	乳糖	5000～9000	80%	5.31
阿洛酮糖	15000～25000	淀粉	2800～3200	85%	5.67
法尼烯	90000～110000	葡萄糖	3000～4000	25%	7.14
纤维素酶	90000～110000	葡萄糖	3000～4000	33%	9.43
蛋白酶	90000～110000	葡萄糖	3000～4000	33%	9.43
塔格糖	40000～60000	淀粉	2800～3200	75%	12.50
肌醇	30000～50000	淀粉	2800～3200	85%	11.33
手性肌醇	800000～1000000	肌醇	30000～70000	80%	18.00
高值产品（PC≥50）
L-核糖	90000～110000	D-木糖	10000～14000	80%	66.67
鲨肌醇	350000～450000	肌醇	30000～70000	80%	80.00
手性肌醇	800000～1000000	淀粉	2800～3200	80%	240.00

产品	产品市场价格 /（元/吨）	原料	原料成本 /（元/吨）	实际得率（质量比）	PC值^①
情怀产品（PC≤1）
脂肪醇	12000～15000	蔗糖	3000～6500	25%	0.71
乙烯	7000～8000	乙醇	5000～7000	58%	0.72
微生物蛋白	10000～13000	淀粉	2800～3200	25%	0.96
大宗产品（1＜PC≤4）
乙醇	6000～7500	淀粉	2800～3200	48%	1.08
果葡糖浆F42 （70%）	2500～3000	淀粉	2800～3200	96%	1.26
葡萄糖酸钠	4000～4500	葡萄糖	3000～4000	105%	1.27
谷氨酸钠	7000～9000	葡萄糖	3000～4000	74%	1.69
麦芽糖（75%）	2400～2700	淀粉	2800～3200	96%	1.71
柠檬酸	5000～6000	淀粉	2800～3200	95%	1.74
苏氨酸	10000～12000	葡萄糖	3000～4000	58%	1.82
果糖溶液	6000～7000	淀粉	2800～3200	94%	2.04
赖氨酸	9000～11000	葡萄糖	3000～4000	85%	2.43
结晶果糖	10000～12000	淀粉	2800～3200	90%	3.30
增值产品（5≤PC≤20）
乳果糖（70%）	25000～40000	乳糖	5000～9000	80%	5.31
阿洛酮糖	15000～25000	淀粉	2800～3200	85%	5.67
法尼烯	90000～110000	葡萄糖	3000～4000	25%	7.14
纤维素酶	90000～110000	葡萄糖	3000～4000	33%	9.43
蛋白酶	90000～110000	葡萄糖	3000～4000	33%	9.43
塔格糖	40000～60000	淀粉	2800～3200	75%	12.50
肌醇	30000～50000	淀粉	2800～3200	85%	11.33
手性肌醇	800000～1000000	肌醇	30000～70000	80%	18.00
高值产品（PC≥50）
L-核糖	90000～110000	D-木糖	10000～14000	80%	66.67
鲨肌醇	350000～450000	肌醇	30000～70000	80%	80.00
手性肌醇	800000～1000000	淀粉	2800～3200	80%	240.00

目标产品	当前阶段						发展阶段		终极阶段
目标产品	原料	原料价格 /（元/吨）	实际得率（质量比）	理论得率（摩尔比）	PC-1^①	产品市场价格 /（元/吨）	PC-2^②	产品市场价格 /（元/吨）^③	PC-3^④	产品市场价格 /（元/吨）^⑤
果葡糖浆F42	淀粉	3000	96%	100%	1.26	2750	1.26	2640	1.26	2640
果糖溶液	淀粉	3000	94%	100%	2.04	6500	2.04	6110	2.04	6110
结晶果糖	淀粉	3000	90%	100%	3.30	11000	3.30	9900	2.04	6120
阿洛酮糖	淀粉	3000	85%	100%	5.67	20000	3.30	9900	2.04	6120
肌醇	淀粉	3000	85%	100%	11.33	40000	3.30	9900	2.04	6120
塔格糖	乳糖	7000	40%	50%	2.86	50000	2.86	40000	2.04	28560
	果糖	6500	NA	100%	NA	50000	3.30	21450	2.04	13260
	淀粉	3000	75%	100%	12.50	50000	3.30	9900	2.04	6120

目标产品	当前阶段						发展阶段		终极阶段
目标产品	原料	原料价格 /（元/吨）	实际得率（质量比）	理论得率（摩尔比）	PC-1^①	产品市场价格 /（元/吨）	PC-2^②	产品市场价格 /（元/吨）^③	PC-3^④	产品市场价格 /（元/吨）^⑤
果葡糖浆F42	淀粉	3000	96%	100%	1.26	2750	1.26	2640	1.26	2640
果糖溶液	淀粉	3000	94%	100%	2.04	6500	2.04	6110	2.04	6110
结晶果糖	淀粉	3000	90%	100%	3.30	11000	3.30	9900	2.04	6120
阿洛酮糖	淀粉	3000	85%	100%	5.67	20000	3.30	9900	2.04	6120
肌醇	淀粉	3000	85%	100%	11.33	40000	3.30	9900	2.04	6120
塔格糖	乳糖	7000	40%	50%	2.86	50000	2.86	40000	2.04	28560
	果糖	6500	NA	100%	NA	50000	3.30	21450	2.04	13260
	淀粉	3000	75%	100%	12.50	50000	3.30	9900	2.04	6120

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Price to Cost-of-raw-materials Ratio (PC) of biomanufacturing: definition and application

生物制造的市本率（PC值）：定义与应用

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