合成生物学

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生物合成法生产α-熊果苷的研究进展

仲泉周1,2, 单依怡1,2, 裴清云1,2, 金艳芸1,2, 王艺涵1,2, 孟璐远1, 王歆韵1, 张雨鑫1, 刘坤媛1, 王慧中1,2, 冯尚国1,2   

  1. 1.杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院,浙江 杭州 311121
    2.浙江省药用植物种质改良和质量监控重点实验室,浙江 杭州 311121
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-18 修回日期:2024-11-08 出版日期:2024-10-11
  • 通讯作者: 冯尚国
  • 作者简介:仲泉周(1999—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为酶定向催化、天然产物生物合成。 E-mail:2023112010028@stu.hznu.edu.cn
    冯尚国(1980—),男,博士,副高,硕士研究生导师,中国植物学会兰花分会理事。研究方向为药用种质资源评价、酶定向催化及天然产物生物合成。以第一或通讯作者在Journal of Integrative Plant Biology、Industrial Crops and Products、Scientific Data等国际期刊发表系列学术论文近30篇,以第一发明人获授权国家发明专利9项。获教育部高等学校科学技术进步奖一等奖1项。 E-mail:fengsg@hznu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31970346);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY20H280012);广东省科技计划项目(2023B1212060046);杭州市科技基金项目(20191203B02);杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院教学改革项目

Research progress in the production of α-arbutin by biosynthesis

Quanzhou ZHONG1,2, Yiyi SHAN1,2, Qingyun PEI1,2, Yanyun JIN1,2, Yihan WANG1,2, Luyuan MENG1, Xinyun WANG1, Yuxin ZHANG1, Kunyuan LIU1, Huizhong WANG1,2, Shangguo FENG1,2   

  1. 1.College of Life and Environmental Science,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,Zhejiang,China
    2.Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants,Hangzhou 311121,Zhejiang,China
  • Received:2024-07-18 Revised:2024-11-08 Online:2024-10-11
  • Contact: Shangguo FENG

摘要:

熊果苷(Arbutin)是一种天然的糖苷类化合物,广泛存在于自然界中。α-熊果苷(α-arbutin)是其一种异构体,由于其高效安全的美白作用和许多优秀的药理作用,受到越来越多的市场关注。研究发现,生物合成法生产α-熊果苷相较于自然提取法和化学合成法有着更高的产量,更安全的环境,更有竞争力的价格等优势,已经成为主流生产方式。本文介绍了常用于α-熊果苷生产的七种酶类的相关研究,分别为α-淀粉酶、蔗糖磷酸化酶、环糊精糖基转移酶、α-葡萄糖基酶、葡聚糖蔗糖酶、淀粉蔗糖酶和蔗糖异构酶。另外对全细胞催化法,微生物发酵法生产α-熊果苷的研究进展进行综述,并对α-熊果苷生产过程中存在的问题进行了剖析并提出在工业化发展上的建议,最后对α-熊果苷合成的未来方向进行了展望,以期能够为实现更高效更低成本的生产α-熊果苷提供新思路。

关键词: 熊果苷, α-熊果苷, 生物合成, 葡萄糖苷, 氢醌

Abstract:

Arbutin is a kind of natural glycoside compound found widely in nature. α -arbutin, one of its isomers, has received increasing market attention due to its efficient and safe whitening effect and other excellent pharmacological effects. Studies have revealed that the synthetic methods of α-arbutin mainly fall into three categories: plant extraction, chemical synthesis, and biosynthesis. In the plant extraction method, the raw materials are widely available, and the operation is simple, but the yield fails to meet the requirements of industrialization. The chemical synthesis method has a higher yield but harsh reaction conditions and is environmentally unfriendly. Through the study of the researchers found that the biosynthesis of α-arbutin has higher yield, safer environment, more competitive price and other advantages compared with the natural extraction method and chemical synthesis method, making it the mainstream production method. This article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of different synthetic methods and studies the seven enzymes commonly used in the production of α-arbutin including α-amylase, sucrose phosphorylase, cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase, α-glucosylase, dextransucrase, amylosucrase and sucrose isomerase. These seven types of enzymes use different sugar donors and catalyze the transglycosylation reaction with hydroquinone as the receptor substrate to synthesize α-arbutin Additionally,this paper provides a comprehensive review of the research progress of the whole-cell catalytic method and microbial fermentation method for producing α-arbutin, and a practical application evaluation in industrial production is provided. Furthermore, Summarizes the problems that exist in the biological synthesis of α-arbutin, such as the oxidation of hydroquinone during synthesis, which increases cell toxicity and reduces the yield, the low utilization rate of glucose and the generation of other glycoside products, and the poor activity of experimental strains, are analyzed, and corresponding solutions are proposed. Finally, the future direction of α-arbutin synthesis is prospected, with the aim of providing new ideas for achieving more efficient and lower-cost production of α-arbutin and enhancing its application value in the fields of cosmetics and medicine.

Key words: arbutin, alpha-arbutin, biosynthesis, glucoside, hydroquinone

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