Synthetic biology and food manufacturing

doi:10.12211/2096-8280.2020-005

Abstract

Abstract:

As global environmental pollution intensifies, climate continues to change, and population continues to grow, how to ensure safe, nutritious and sustained food supply faces huge challenges. These challenges put forward new requirements for the future food supply and function. Using synthetic biology technologies to create cell factories applicable in the food industry to convert renewable raw materials into important food components, functional food additives and nutritional chemicals is an important way to solve the problems facing the food industry. This article first introduces the importance of synthetic biology to the innovation and breakthroughs in the field of food manufacturing. Secondly, taking artificial food, plant natural products and human milk oligosaccharide, three typical food products from biological manufacturing, as examples, the current tasks and challenges of food synthetic biology are discussed. Finally, the development trends of synthetic biology and food manufacturing in China are summarized and prospected. By strengthening the development and application of food synthetic biology and the related food biotechnologies and being the first to achieve their industrialization, researchers will be able to seize the frontiers of science and technology and industrial highlands globally and benefit mankind.

Key words: synthetic biology, food manufacturing, artificial food, plant natural products, human milk oligosaccharide

摘要：

随着全球环境污染加剧、气候持续变化和人口不断增长，如何保障安全、营养和可持续的食品供给面临巨大挑战。这些挑战对未来食品供给方式和功能提出了新的要求。采用合成生物学技术，创建适用于食品工业的细胞工厂，将可再生原料转化为重要食品组分、功能性食品添加剂和营养化学品是解决食品领域所面临问题的重要途径。本文首先介绍了合成生物学对食品制造领域创新和突破的重要性。其次，以基于合成生物学制造植物蛋白肉所需关键组分、黄酮类植物天然提取物和母乳寡糖这三种典型食品为例，探讨了目前食品合成生物学的任务与挑战。最后，对我国合成生物学与食品制造领域的发展趋势进行了总结和展望。通过加强食品合成生物学等具有重大意义的食品生物技术的开发和应用，开展新食品资源开发和高值利用、多样化食品生产方式变革、功能性食品添加剂和营养化学品制造，并率先实现产业化，将抢占世界科技的前沿和产业高地，造福人类。

关键词: 合成生物学, 食品制造, 人造食品, 植物天然产物, 母乳寡糖

CLC Number:

Q819

LIU Yanfeng, ZHOU Jingwen, LIU Long, CHEN Jian. Synthetic biology and food manufacturing[J]. Synthetic Biology Journal, 2020, 1(1): 84-91.

刘延峰, 周景文, 刘龙, 陈坚. 合成生物学与食品制造[J]. 合成生物学, 2020, 1(1): 84-91.

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